Selected Research and Resources We Find Useful in Our Work (PREP)

Compiled by Scott M. Stanley

University of Denver

Note: This list is by no means exhaustive, even for one area of marital research. However, these are key articles or books that we have found useful or we have cited as we write things related to PREP and marital research more generally. (In other words, please take it to mean nothing if there is some important resource or article that you do not see here, other than the fact that we simply have not thought of including it or haven’t gotten to including it yet.)

Acs, G., & Nelson, S. (2003, September 3). Changes in Family Structure and Child Well-Being. National Poverty Center Conference on Marriage and Family Formation Among Low-Income Couples: What Do We Know From Research? Washington D. C.

Aguirre, B. E., & Parr, W. C. (1982). Husbands’ marriage order and the stability of first and second marriages of White and Black women. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 44, 605‑620.

Ahituv, A., & Lerman, R. (September, 2003). Job stability, earning, marital stability: How are they related? Paper presented at the National Poverty Center Conference on Marriage and Family Formation Among Low-Income Couples, Washington, D.C.

Allport, G. W. & Ross, J. M. (1967). Personal religious orientation and prejudice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 5, 432-443.

Amato, P. R. (2000). The consequences of divorce for adults and children. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62, 1269-1287.

Amato, P. R. (2001). Good enough marriages: Parental discord, divorce, and children's well-being. The Virginia Journal of Social Policy & the Law, 9, 71-94.

Amato, P. R. (2001). Children of divorce in the 1990s: An update of the Amato and Keith (1991) meta-analysis. Journal of Family Psychology, 15, 355-370.

Amato, P. R.. & Booth, A. (1997). A generation at risk: Growing up in an era of family upheaval. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University.

Amato, P. R. & DeBoer, D. (2001). The transmission of divorce across generations:

Relationship skills or commitment to marriage?” Journal of Marriage and Family, 63, 1038-1051.

Amato, P.R., & Rogers, S.J. (1997). A longitudinal study of marital problems and subsequent divorce. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 59, 612‑624.

Amato, P.R. & Rogers, S.J. (1999). Do Attitudes Toward Divorce Affect Marital Quality? Journal of Family Issues, 20(1) 69-86.

Arp, D. & Arp, C. (1998). Love Life for Parents. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan.

Arp, D. & Arp, C. (1996). The Second Half of Marriage: Facing the Eight Challenges of the Empty‑Nest Years. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan.

Arp, D., Arp, C., Stanley, S., Markman, H., & Blumberg, S. (2000). Fighting for Your Empty Nest Marriage. San Francisco: Jossey Bass, Inc.

Axinn, W. G., and Barber, J. S. (1997). Living arrangements and family formation attitudes in early adulthood. Journal of Marriage and the Family 59, 595-611.

Axinn, W. G., & Thornton, A. (1992). The relationship between cohabitation and divorce: Selectivity or causality? Demography, 29(3), 357-374.

Avery, A.W., Ridley, C.A., Leslie, L.A., & Milholland, T. (1980). Relationship enhancement with premarital dyads: A six‑month follow‑up. American Journal of Family Therapy, 3, (8) 23‑30.

Bader, E., Microys, G., Sinclair, C., Willett, E., & Conway, B. (1980). Do marriage preparation programs really work? A Canadian experiment. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 6(2), 171-179.

Baron, R.A. (1987) Interviewer's moods and reactions to job applicants: The influence of affective states on applied social judgments. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 16, 16-28.

Baucom, D., & Epstein, N. (1990). Cognitive Behavioral Marital Therapy. New York: Brunner/Mazel.

Beach, S.R.H., & Broderick, J.E. (1983). Commitment: A variable in women's response to marital therapy. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 11, 16-24.

Beach, S. R. H., & Fincham, F. D. (2003). Spontaneous remission of marital discord: A simmering debate with profound implications for Family Psychology. The Family Psychologist, 19, 11-13.

Beach, S. R., & O'Leary, K. D. (1993). Marital discord and dysphoria: For whom does the marital relationship predict depressive symptomatology? Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 10(3), 405‑420.

Becker, H.S. (1960). Notes on the concept of commitment. American Journal of Sociology, 66, 32-40.

Behrens, B. & Halford, K. (1994, August). Advances in the prevention and treatment of marital distress. Paper presented at the Conference "Helping Families Change", University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

Bennett, N. G., Blanc, A. K., & Bloom, D. E. (1988). Commitment and the modern union: Assessing the link between premarital cohabitation and subsequent marital stability. American Sociological Review, 53(1), 127-138.

Bennett, N. G., Bloom, D. E., & Miller, C. K. (1995). The influence of nonmarital childbearing on the formation of first marriages. Demography, 32, 47-62.

Benson, B.A. & Gross, A.M. (1989). The effect of a congenitally handicapped child upon the marital dyad: A review of the literature. Clinical Psychology Review, 9, 747-758.

Birchler, G., Weiss, R., & Vincent, J. (1975). Multimethod analysis of social reinforcement exchange between maritally distressed and nondistressed spouse and stranger dyads. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 31, 349-360.

Bloom, B. (1985). Community mental health: A general introduction. Monterey, CA: Brooks-Cole.

Blankenhorn, D. (November, 1997), "I Do?" First Things, 14-15.

Blumberg, S.L. (1991). Premarital Intervention Programs: A Comparison study. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Denver: Denver, Colorado.

Booth, A., & Edwards, J. (1985). Age at marriage and marital instability. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 47, 67-75.

Booth, A., Johnson, D., & Edwards, J. N. (1983). Measuring marital instability. Journal of Marriage & the Family, 45(2), 387-394

Bouchard, G., Lussier, Y., & Sabourin, S. (1999). Personality and marital adjustment: Utility of the five-factor model of personality. Journal of Marriage and Family, 61, 651-660.

Bradbury, T. N. (1994). Unintended effects of marital research on marital relationships. Journal of Family Psychology, 8, 187-201.

Bradbury, T. N., Beach, S. R. H., Fincham, F. D., & Nelson, G. M. (1996). Attributions and behavior in functional and dysfunctional marriages. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64, 569‑576.

Bradbury, T.N., & Fincham, F.D. (1990). Attributions in marriage: Review and critique. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 3-33.

Bradbury, T. N., Fincham, F. D., & Beach, S. R. H. (2000). Research on the nature and determinants of marital satisfaction: A decade in review. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62, 964-980.

Bradbury, T.N., Johnson, M.D., Lawrence, E., & Rogge, R.D. (1998). The interplay between basic research on marital dysfunction and marital interventions. In D. Routh & R. DeRubeis (Eds.), The science of clinical psychology: Accomplishments and future directions (pp. 265-278). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association Press.

Bradbury, T. N., Thurmaier, F., Engl, J., Karney, B., Hahlweg, K., & Markman, H. (1998, July). Effects of a premarital intervention on 5-year longitudinal change in marital interaction and satisfaction. In T. Bradbury and K. Hahlweg (chairs), Recent Advances in the Prediction and Prevention of Marital Dysfunction. Symposium conducted at the 1998 World Congress of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies, Acapulco, Mexico.

Bray, J. H., Hetherington, E. M. (1993). Families in transition: Introduction and overview. Journal of Family Psychology, 7, 3-8.

Bray, J. H., & Jouriles, E. (1995). Treatment of marital conflict and prevention of divorce. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 21, 461-473.

Bumpass, L. L., Martin, T. C., & Sweet, J. A. (1991). The impact of family background and early marital factors on marital disruption. Journal of Family Issues, 12, 22-42.

Burman B., & Margolin, G. (1992). Analysis of the association between marital relationships and health problems: An interactional perspective. Psychological Bulletin, 112. 39–63.

Busby, D. M., Crane, D. R., Larson, J. H., & Christensen, C. (1995). A revision of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale for use with distressed and nondistressed couples: Construct hierarchy and multidimensional scales. Journal of Marital & Family Therapy, 21(3), 289-308.

Call, V.R. & Heaton, T.B. (1997). Religious influence on marital stability. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 36, 382-392.

Carels, R. A., & Baucom, D. H. (1999). Support in marriage: Factors associated with online perceptions of support helpfulness. Journal of Family Psychology, 13, 131-144.

Carlson, M., McLanahan, S., & England, P. (2003). Union formation in fragile families. Princeton, N. J.: Center for Research on Child Wellbeing Working Paper # 01-06-FF.

Carroll, J. S., & Doherty, W. J. (2003). Evaluating the effectiveness of premarital prevention programs: A meta-analytic review of outcome research. Family Relations, 52, 105-118.

Casper, L. M., & Bianchi, S. M. (2001). Continuity and change in the American family. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Cassidy, J., & Shaver, P. R. (1998). Handbook of attachment theory, research, and clinical applications. New York: Guilford Press, Inc.

Center for Marriage and Family. (1995). Marriage preparation in the Catholic Church: Getting it right. Omaha, NE: Creighton University.

Cherlin, A. J. Chase-Lansdale, P. L., & McRae, C. (1998). Effects of parental divorce on mental health through the life course. American Sociological Review, 63,239-249.

Cherlin, A. J., & Furstenberg, F. F., Jr. (1994). Step families in the United States: A reconsideration. Annual Review of Sociology, 20, 359-381.

Christensen, A., & Heavey, C. L. (1999). Interventions for couples. Annual Review of Psychology. Palo Alto, CA: Annual Reviews, Inc.

Christensen, A., & Heavey, C.L. (1990). Gender and social structure in the demand/withdraw pattern of marital conflict. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 73‑82.

Christensen, A., Jacobson, N.S., & Babcock, J.C. (1995) Integrative behavioral couple therapy. In N.S. Jacobson & A.S. Gurman (Eds.), Clinical Handbook of Marital Therapy, 2nd Edition.(pp 31-64). New York: Guilford.

Christensen, A. & Jacobson, N. S.(2000). Reconcilable differences. New York: Guilford.

Christensen, A. & Shenk, J.L. (1991). Communication, conflict and psychological distance in nondistressed, clinic, and divorcing couples. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 59, 458-463.

Christensen, A., Margolin, G., & Sullaway, M. (1992). Interparental agreement on child behavior problems. Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 4, 419-425.

Ciabattari, T. (2004). Cohabitation and Housework: The Effects of Marital Intentions. Journal of Marriage and Family, 66, 118 – 125.

Clements, M., & Markman, H. J. (1996). The transition to parenthood: Is having children hazardous to marriage? In N. Vanzetti & S. Duck (Eds.), A lifetime of relationships (pp. 290‑310). Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.

Clements, M.L., Stanley, S.M., & Markman, H.J. (In Press). Before they said "I Do": Discriminating among marital outcomes over 13 years based on premarital data. Journal of Marriage and the Family.

Coie, J., Watt, N., West, S. G., Hawkins, J. D., Asarnow, J. R., Markman, H. J., Ramey, S. L., Shure, M. B., & Long, B. (1993). The science of prevention: A conceptual framework and some directions for a national research program. American Psychologist, 48, 1013-1022.

Cohan, C.L., & Kleinbaum, S. (2002). Toward a greater understanding of the cohabitation effect: Premarital cohabitation and marital communication. Journal of Marriage and Family, 64, 180-192.

Cook, K.S., & Emerson, R.M. (1978). Power, equity and commitment in exchange networks. American Sociological Review, 43, 721-739.

Cordova, A. D. (2000) Teamwork and the Transition to Parenthood. Upublished dissertation. University of Denver.

Cordova, J. V., & Dorian, M. (in press). Observing intimacy in couples' interactions. In P. K. Kerig & D. Baucom (Eds.), Couple observational coding systems. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Cordova, J.V. & Jacobson, N. S. (1997). Acceptance in couple therapy and its implications for the treatment of depression. In R.J. Sternberg, M. Hojjat (Eds), (1997). Satisfaction in close relationships. (pp. 307‑334). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

Cordova, J.V., Jacobson, N.S., & Christensen, A. (1998). Acceptance versus change interventions in behavioral couple therapy: Impact on couples' in‑session communication. Journal of Marriage & Family Therapy, 24, 437‑455.

Cordova, J. V., Jacobson, N. S., & Christensen, A. (1998). Acceptance versus change interventions in behavioral couple therapy: Impact on couples’ in-session communication. Journal of Marriage & Family Counseling, 24, 437-455.

Cordova, J. V., & Scott, R. (2001). Intimacy: A behavioral interpretation. The Behavior Analyst, 24, 76-86.

Cowan, C. P., & Cowan, P. A. (1992). When partners become parents: The big life change for couples. New York: Harper Collins.

Crohn, J., Markman, H. J., Blumberg, S. L., & Levine, J. R. (2000). Fighting for your Jewish marriage. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Cummings, E. M., & Davies, P. (1994). Children and marital conflict. New York: Guilford.

Cutrona, C. (1996). Social support in couples: Marriage as a resource in times of stress. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Davila, J. (2003). Attachment processes in couples therapy: Implications for behavioral models. In S. Johnson & V. Whiffen (Eds.), Attachment: A perspective for couple and family intervention. Guilford.

Davila, J., & Bradbury, T. N. (2001). Attachment insecurity and the distinction

between unhappy spouses who do and do not divorce. Journal of Family Psychology, 15, 371-393.

Dean, D.G., & Spanier, G.B. (1974). Commitment--An overlooked variable in marital adjustment? Sociological Focus, 7, 113-118.

DeMaris, A., & Rao, V. (1992). Premarital cohabitation and subsequent marital stability in the United States: A reassessment. Journal of Marriage and Family, 54, 178-190.

Dion, M. R., Devaney, B., McConnell, S., Ford, M., Hill, H., & Winston, P. (2003). Helping unwed parents build strong and healthy marriages: A conceptual framework for interventions. Washington D. C.: Mathematica Policy Research, Inc.

Doherty, W. J. (2000). Family science and family citizenship: Toward a model of community partnership with families. Family Relations, 49, 319-325

Doherty, W. J. (1981). Cognitive processes in intimate conflict: II. Efficacy and learned helplessness. American Journal of Family Therapy, 9(2), 35-44.

Doherty, W. J., Galston, W. A., Glenn, N. D., Gottman, J., Markey, B., Markman, H. J., Nock, S., Popenoe, D., Rodriguez, G. G., Sawhill, I. V., Stanley, S. M., Waite, L. J., & Wallerstein, J. (2002). Why marriage matters: Twenty one conclusions from the social sciences/A Report From Family Scholars. New York: Institute for American Values.

Dehle, C., Larsen, D., & Landers, J. E. (2001). Social support in marriage. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 29, 307-324.

Doss, B. D., Atkins, D. C., & Christensen, A. (2003). Who’s dragging their feet? Husbands and wives seeking marital therapy. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 29, xxx-xxx.

Edin, K., England, P., & Linnenberg, K. (September, 2003). Love and distrust among unmarried parents. Paper presented at the National Poverty Center Conference on Marriage and Family Formation Among Low-Income Couples, Washington, D.C.

Eidelson, R., & Epstein, N. (1982). Cognitions and relationship maladjustment: Development of a measure of dysfunctional relationship beliefs. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 50, 715-720.

Emery, R. (1982). Interparental conflict and the children of discord and divorce. Psychological Bulletin, 92, 310‑330.

Epstein, N., Schlesinger, S., & Dryden, W. (1988). Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy with Families. Brunner/Mazel: New York.

Fals-Stewart, W., Birchler, G. R. & O'Farrell, T. J. (1996). Behavioral couples therapy for male substance-abusing patients: Effects on relationship adjustment and drug-using behavior. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64, 959-972.

Fals-Stewart, W., Kashdan, T. B., O’Farrell, T. J., & Birchler, G. R. (2002). Behavioral couples therapy for drug-abusing patients: Effects on partner violence. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 21, 1-10.

Fals-Stewart, W., O'Farrell, T .J., & Birchler. G. R. (1997). Behavioral couples therapy for male substance abusing patients: A cost outcomes analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 789-802.

Fagan, P. F., Patterson, R. W., & Rector, R. E. (2002). Marriage and Welfare Reform: The Overwhelming Evidence that Marriage Education Works. Backgrounder #1606, The Heritage Foundation. Washington D. C.: The Heritage Foundation.

Fincham, F.D. (2002). Divorce. In N.J. Salkind (Ed.), Child Development: Macmillan Psychology Reference Series. Farmington Hills, MI: Macmillan.

Fincham, F.D. (2000). The kiss of the porcupines: From attributing responsibility to forgiving. Personal Relationships, 7, 1-23.

Fincham, F. D. (2003). Marital conflict: Correlates, structure, and context. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 12(1), 23-27.

Fincham, F.D., & Beach, S.R. (1999). Marital conflict: Implications for working with couples. Annual Review of Psychology, 50, 47-77.

Fincham, F. D.; Beach, S. R., Harold, G. T., & Osborne, Lori N. (1997). Marital satisfaction and depression: Different causal relationships for men and women? Psychological Science, 8(5), 351‑357.

Fincham, F. D., & Bradbury, T. N. (1987). The assessment of marital quality: a reevaluation. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 49, 797‑809.

Fincham, F. D., Garnier, P. C., Gano‑Phillips, S., & Osborne, L. N. (1995). Pre‑interaction expectations, marital satisfaction and accessibility: a new look at sentiment override. Journal of Family Psychology, 9, 3‑14.

Fincham, F., Grych, J., & Osborne, L. (1993, March). Interparental conflict and child adjustment: A longitudinal analysis. Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, New Orleans, LA.

Fincham, F. D., Harold, G. T., & Gano-Phillips, S. (2000). The longitudinal association between attributions and marital satisfaction: Direction of effects and role of efficacy expectations. Journal of Family Psychology, 14(2), 267-285.

Fincham, F. D., & Linfield, K. J. (1997). A new look at marital quality: Can spouses feel positive and negative about their marriage? Journal of Family Psychology, 11, 489-502.

Fincham, F., & O'Leary, K.D. (1983). Causal inferences for spouse behavior in maritally distressed and nondistressed couples. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology. Vol 1, 42-57.

Floyd, F., & Markman, H.J. (1984). An economical observational measure of couples' communication skill. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 52, 97-103.

Floyd, F., Markman, H., Kelly, S., Blumberg, S., & Stanley, S. (1995). Prevention: Conceptual, Research, and Clinical Issues. In N. Jacobson & A. Gurman (Eds.), Handbook of Marital Therapy, (second edition). New York: Guilford.

Forehand, R. Armistead. L., & David, C. (1997). Is adolescent adjustment following parental divorce a function, of pre-divorce adjustment? Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 25, 157-167.

Forthofer, M.S., Markman, H.J., Cox, M., Stanley, S., & Kessler, R.C. (1996). Associations between marital distress and work loss in a national sample. Journal of Marriage and Family, 58, 597-605.

Fowers, B. J. (2001). The limits of a technical concept of a good marriage: Examining the role of virtues in communication skills. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 27, 327-340.

Fowers, B. J. (2000). Beyond the myth of marital happiness. San Francisco: Jossey‑Bass.

Fowers, B. J., Montel, K. H., & Olson, D. H. (1996). Predicting marital success for premarital couple types based on PREPARE. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 22, 103-119.

Fraenkel, P., Markman, H., Stanley, S. (1997). The Prevention Approach to Relationship Problems. Sexual and Marital Therapy, 12(3), 249-258.

Giblin, P., Sprenkle, D.H., & Sheehan, R. (1985). Enrichment outcome research: A meta-analysis of premarital, marital, and family interventions. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 11(3), 257-271.

Glenn, N. D. (1987). Continuity Versus Change, Sanguineness Versus Concern: Views of the American Family in the Late 1980s, Journal of Family Issues, 8, 348-354.

Glenn, N. D. (1991). The Recent Trend in Marital Success in the United States. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 53, 261-270.

Glenn, Norval D. (1998). The course of marital success and failure in five American 10-year marriage cohorts. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 60, 569-576.

Glenn, N.D. (1982). Interreligious marriage in the United States: Patterns and recent trends. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 44, 555-566.

Glenn, N. D., & Kramer, K. B. (1987). The marriages and divorces of the children of divorce. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 49, 811-825.

Glenn, N., & Marquardt, E. (2001). Hooking Up, Hanging Out, and Hoping for Mr. Right. New York: Institute for American Values.

Gordon, K. C. & Baucom, D. H. (under review). Forgiveness and marriage: Preliminary support for a measure based on a model of recovery from marital betrayal. Unpublished manuscript, University of Tennessee.

Gordon, K. C., Baucom, D. H., & Snyder, D. K. (2003). An Integrative Intervention for Promoting Recovery from Extramarital Affairs. Unpublished manuscript, University of Tennessee.

Gorsuch, R. L. & McPherson, S. E. (1989). Intrinsic/extrinsic measurement: I/E revised and single item scales. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 28, 348-354.

Gottman, J. M. (1993) A theory of marital dissolution and stability. Journal of Family Psychology, 7, 57-75.

Gottman, J. M. (1993). The roles of conflict engagement, escalation or avoidance in marital interaction: A longitudinal view of five types of couples. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61, 6B15.

Gottman, J. (1994). Why marriages succeed or fail. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Gottman, J. (1994). What Predicts Divorce? The Relationship Between Marital Process and Marital Outcomes. Lawrence Erlbaum, New Jersey.

Gottman, J. (1979). Marital interaction: Empirical investigations. New York: Academic Press.

Gottman, J.M., Coan, J, Carrere, S., & Swanson, C. (1998). Predicting marital happiness and stability from newlywed interactions. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 60, 5-22.

Gottman, J.M., & Krokoff, L.J. (1989). Marital interaction and satisfaction: A longitudinal view. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 57, 47-52.

Gottman, J. M., & Levenson, R. W. (2000). The timing of divorce: Predicting when a couple will divorce over a 14-year period. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62, 737-745.

Gottman J., Markman, H. & Notarius, C., (1977). The Topography of Marital Conflict: A sequential analysis of verbal and nonverbal behavior. Journal of Marriage and the family, 39, 461-478.

Gottman, J. M., & Notarius, C. I. (2000). Decade Review: Observing marital interaction. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62, 927-947.

Gottman, J., Notarius, C. Gonso J. & Markman, H. (1976) A couple's guide to communication. Champaign, IL: Research Press.

Gottman, J. M., Ryan, K. D., Carrere, S., & Erley, A. M. (2002). Toward a scientifically based marital therapy. In Liddle, H. A., Santisteban, D. A., Levant, R. F., & Bray, J. H. (Eds), Family psychology: Science based interventions (pp. 147-174). Washington D. C.: American Psychological Association.

Greenstein, T. N. (1990). Marital disruption and the employment of married women. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 52, 657-676.

Grych, J., & Fincham, F. (1990). Marital conflict and children's adjustment. Psychological Bulletin, 108, 267-290.

Guerney, B. G., Jr. (1977). Relationship enhancement. San Francisco: Jossey‑Bass.

Guerney, B. G., Jr. & Maxson, P. (1990). Marital and family enrichment research: A decade review and look ahead. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 52, 1127-1134.

Hahlweg, K., Kaiser, A., Christensen, A., Fehm-Wolfsdorf, G., & Groth, T. (2000). Self-report and observational assessment of couples' conflict: The concordance between the Communication Patterns Questionnaire and the KPI Observation System. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62, 61-67.

Hahlweg, K. & Markman, H. (1988). The effectiveness of behavioral marital therapy: Empirical status of behavioral techniques in preventing and alleviating marital distress. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 56, 440-447.

Hahlweg, K., Markman, H.J., Thurmaier, F., Engl, J. & Eckert, V. (1998).

Prevention of marital distress: Results of a German prospective longitudinal study. Journal of Family Psychology, 12, 543-556.

Halford, K., & Bouma, R. (1997). Individual psychopathology and marital distress. In K. Halford & H.J. Markman (Eds.). Clinical Handbook of Marriage and Couples Intervention, (pp. 291-321). New York: John Wiley and Sons.

Halford, K. & Markman, H. (1997). Conceptions of a healthy marriage. In K. Halford & H. Markman (Eds.), Clinical handbook of marriage and marital interaction. London, England: Wiley.

Halford, K. & Markman, H. (Eds.). (1997). Clinical handbook of marriage and marital interaction. London, England: Wiley.

Halford, K. W., Markman, H. J., Kline, G. & Stanley, S. M. (2003) Best practice in couple relationship education. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 29(3), 385-406.

Halford, W. K., Sanders, M. R., & Behrens, B. C. (2000). Repeating the errors of our parents? Family of origin spouse violence and observed conflict management in engaged couples. Family Process, 39, 219-235.

Halford, K. W., Sanders, M. R., & Behrens, B. C. (2001). Can Skills Training Prevent Relationship Problems in At-Risk Couples? Four-Year Effects of a Behavioral Relationship Education Program. Journal of Family Psychology, 15, 750–768.

Heavey, C.L., Christensen, A., Malamuth, N.M. (1995). The longitudinal impact of demand and withdrawal during marital conflict. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 63, 797-801.

Heavey, C.L., Larson, B.M., Christensen, A., & Zumtobel (1996). The Communication Patterns Questionnaire: The reliability and validity of a constructive communication subscale. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 58(3), 796-800.

Heavey, C.L., Layne, C., & Christensen, A. (1993). Gender and conflict structure in marital interaction II: A replication and extension. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61, 16 27.

Heaton, T.B. (1984). Religious homogamy and marital satisfaction reconsidered. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 46, 729-733.

Heaton, T.B., Albrecht, S.L., & Martin, T.K. (1985). The timing of divorce. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 47, 631-639.

Heaton, T.B. & Pratt, E.L. (1990). The effects of religious homogamy on marital satisfaction and stability. Journal of Family Issues, 11, 191-207.

Hetherington, E. M., and Clingempeel, W. G. (1992). Coping with marital transitions: A family systems perspective. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 57, (2-3, Serial No. 227).

Hetherington, E. M., & Kelly, J. (2002). For better or for worse: Divorce reconsidered. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.

Heyman, R. E. (2001). Observation of couple conflicts: Clinical assessment applications, stubborn truths, and shaky foundations. Psychological Assessment, 13(1), 5-35.

Heyman, R. E., & Smith Slep, A. M. (2001). The hazards of predicting divorce without crossvalidation. Journal of Marriage and Family, 63, 473‑479.

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